RUMUS 16
TENSES
1. Present
Tense (Waktu Sekarang)
a. Simple
Present Tense (Waktu Sekarang Sederhana)
Rumus :
+ } S + V1 +
O/C
- } S +
Do/does + not + V1 + O/C
? } Do/does
+ S + V1 + O/C
Example :
+ } Sisca
Reads book everyday
- } Sisca
does not Read book everyday
? } does
Sisca Read book everyday
Yes He does
/ No He does not (doesn’t)
For I, We,
You, They = do
He, She, It
= Does
Contoh
kalimat :
(+) She is a
new people here.
(+) He plays
football every morning
(-) She
isn’t a new people here.
(-) He does
not playing football every morning.
(?) Is she a
new people here?
(?) How
playing football every morning?
b. Present
Continuous Tense (Waktu Berlangsung Sekarang)
Menerangkan
suatu perbuatan yabg sedang berlangsungpada waktu sekarang.
Rumus :
+ } S + Be +
V1 + ing +
O/C
>> + } They
are playing badmintoon now
- } S + Be +
not + V1 + ing + O/C
>> – } They
are not playing badmintoon now
? } Be + S +
V1 + ing +
O/C
>> ? } Are
they palaying badmintoon now ?
Yes They are
/ no they are not
For I = am
They, we,
you = are
He, She, It
= Is
Contoh dalam
kalimat :
(+) He is
playing badminton now
(-) He isn’t
playing badminton now.
(?) Is he
playing badminton now.
c. Present
Perfect Tense (Waktu Sempurna Sekarang)
Rumus :
subject+auxiliary
verb+main verb
Contoh :
(+) you have
eaten mine.
(-) she has
not been to Rome
(?) have you
finished?
d. Present
Perfect Continuous Tense (Waktu Berlangsung Sempurna Sekarang)
Rumus :
(+): S + have/has + been + Ving
(-): S + have/has + not + been + Ving
(?): Have/has + S + been + Ving
Contoh :
(+) She has
been going to Malang since evening.
(+) We have
been riding a horse for three days
(-) She
hasn’t been going to Malang since evening.
(-) We
haven’t been riding a horse for three days.
(?) Has she
been going to Malang ?
(?) Have He
been riding a horse for three days ?
2. Past
Tense (Waktu Lampau)
a. Simple
Past Tense (Waktu Lampau Sederhana)
Rumus :
+}
S+Be+Was/Were+O/C
-}
S+Be+Was/Were+not+O/C
?}
Be+Was/Were+ S+O/C
Example :
+} We were at
school yesterday
-} We were
not at school yesterday
?} were we
at school yesterday ?
For I, He,
She, It = Was
They, we,
you = were
Contoh :
(+) I saw a
good film last night
(+) He came
here last month
(-) I saw
not a good film last night
(-) He came
not last month
(?) Saw I a
good film last night
(?) Came He
here last month
b. Past
Continuous Tense (Waktu Berlangsung Lampau)
Rumus :
(+): S + was/were + Ving
(-): S + was/were + NOT + Ving
(?): Was/Were + S + Ving
Contoh :
(+) He was
watching television all afternoon last week
(+) They
were talking about sport when I met him
(-) He
wasn’t watching television all afternoon last week
(-) They
weren’t talking about sport when I met him
(?) Was He
watching television all afternoon last week
(?) Were
they talking about sport when I met him
c. Past
Perfect Tense (Waktu Sempurna Lampau)
Rumus :
subject+auxiliary
verb HAVE+main verb
(+): S + had + V3
(-): S + had + not + V3
(?): Had + S + V3
Contoh :
(+) When my
brother arrived , I had painted my motor cycle
(+) The ship
had left before I arrived
(-) When my
brother arrived , I hadn’t painted my motor cycle
(-) The ship
hadn’t left before I arrived
(?) Had I my
motor cycle , when my brother arrived ?
(?) Had the
ship left before I arrived?
d. Past
Perfect Continuous Tense (Waktu Berlangsung Sempurna Lampau)
Rumus :
subject+auxiliary
verb HAVE+auxiliary verb BE+main verb
Contoh :
(+) They had
been living there for two month
(+) When
they washed my drees , your father had been playing badminton
(-) They
hadn’t been living there for two month
(-) When
they washed my dress , your father hadn’t been playing badminton
(?) Had they
been living there for two month?
(?) When
they washed my dress , had your father been playing badminton ?
3. Future
Tense (Akan Datang)
a. Simple Future
Tense (Waktu Akan Datang Sederhana)
Rumus :
subject+auxiliary
verb WILL+main verb
Contoh :
(+) I will
visit to yogyakarta tomorrow.
(+) he will
met girl friend by seven o’clock
(?) Will he
go to America next month?
(+)
President shall at Nederland the day after tomorrow.
(-)
President shall not at Nederland the day after tomorrow.
(?) Shall
President at Nederland the day after tomorrow?
b. Future
Continuous Tense (Waktu Berlangsung Akan Datang)
Rumus :
subject+auxiliary
verb WILL+auxiliary verb BE+main verb
Contoh :
(+) I will
be writing a comic.
(+) I will
be studying tomorrow night.
(-) I will
not writing a comic.
(-) I will
not be studying tomorrow night.
(?) Will I
be writing a comic ?
(?) Will I
be studying tomorrow night ?
c. Future
Perfect Tense (Waktu Sempurna Akan Datang)
Rumus :
subject+auxiliary
verb WILL+auxiliary verb HAVE+main verb
Contoh :
(+)
Iwill havefinishedby 10am.
(+)
Youwill haveforgottenme by then.
(-)
Shewillnothavegoneto school.
(-)
Wewillnothaveleft.
(?)
Willyou havearrived?
(?)
Willthey havereceivedit?
d. Future
Perfect Continuous Tense (Waktu Berlangsung Sempurna Akan Datang)
Rumus :
subject+auxiliary
verb WILL+auxiliary verb HAVE+auxiliary verb BE+main verb
Contoh :
(+) I will
have been reading a news paper.
(+) He will
have been listening music.
(-) I will
haven’t been reading a news paper.
(-) He will
haven’t listening a music.
(?) Will I
have been riding a news paper ?
(?) Will He
have listening a music ?
4. Past
Future Tense (Akan Datang Di Waktu Lampau)
a. Past
Future Tense (Waktu Akan Datang Di Waktu Lampau)
Rumus :
Positif: S +
would + V1
Negatif: S +
would + not + V1
Tanya:
Would + S + V1
Contoh :
(+) He would
come if you invited him.
(+) They
would buy a home the previous day.
(-) He
wouldn’t come if invited him.
(-) They
wouldn’t buy a home the previous day.
(?) Would He
come if invited him ?
(?) Would
they buy a home the previous day ?
b. Past
Future Continuous Tense (Waktu Akan Sedang Terjadi Diwaktu Lampau)
Rumus :
Positif: S + would + be + Ving
Negatif: S + would + not + be + Ving
Tanya: Would + S + be + Ving
Contoh :
(+) I should
be swimming at this time the following day.
(+) I shall
be sliping at 10 o’clock tomorrow.
(-) I
shouldn’t be swimming at this time the following day.
(-) I
shalln’t be sleeping at 10 o’clock tomorrow.
(?) Shall I
be swimming at this time the following day ?
(?) Shall I
be sleeping at10 o’clock tomorrow ?
c. Past
Future Perfect Tense (Waktu Akan Sudah Selesai Di Waktu Lampau)
Rumus :
Positif: S + would + have + V3
Negatif: S + would + not + have + V3
Tanya: Would + S + have + V3
Contoh :
(+) He would
have graduated if he had studies hard.
(+) Nonok
will have studied moth by the end of this week.
(-) He
wouldn’t have gone if he had met his darling
(-) Nonok
will have not studied month by the end of this week
(?) Would He
have gone if he had met his darling ?
(?) Will
Nonok have studied month by the end of this week ?
d. Past
Future Perfect Continuous Tense
(Waktu Yang
Sudah Sedang Berlangsung Pada Waktu Lampau)
Rumus :
Positif: S + would + have + been + Ving
Negatif: S + would + not + have + been + Ving
Tanya: Would + S + have + been + Ving
Contoh :
Rianawati
would have been speaking English for two years
(+) Mrs.
Anisa Munif would have been walking here for seventeen years
(+)
Rianawati would have been speaking English for two years
(-) Mrs.
Anisa Munif wouldn’t have been walking here for seventeen year
(-)
Rianawati wouldn’t have been speaking English for two years
(?) Would
Mrs. Anisa Munif have been walking here for seventeen years?
(?) Would
Rianawati have been speaking English for two years?
